EXCHANGE Volume 03, No. 1, 2025, pp. 04-22

He HUANG

Exploring the Trade of Raw Materials for Electric Vehicles Batteries

Abstract: This article examines the complex and evolving nature of the trade of raw materials for electric vehicle (EV) batteries, highlighting the need for sustainable and ethical practices in the extraction, processing, and trade of these materials. The study draws on industry reports and interviews with experts to identify challenges and concerns associated with the trade, including environmental impacts, human rights abuses, and lack of competition. The research also identifies opportunities for innovation in recycling technologies, new battery chemistries, and ethical sourcing practices. The findings suggest that companies and governments must invest in new technologies, responsible sourcing initiatives, and transparent supply chain models to ensure that the growth of the EV industry is sustainable, responsible, and beneficial for all stakeholders. The implications of these findings for the future of the EV industry are discussed.

Keywords: electric vehicles, batteries, raw materials, trade, sustainability, ethics, recycling technologies, human rights, competition, responsible sourcing, supply chain.