The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in central Europe, located in a quadrilateral basin uplifted on three sides. The country has undulating hills, dense forests, and beautiful scenery. There are not many types of minerals, mainly coal, iron, lead, zinc, silver, uranium, etc. In order to scientifically manage and rationally make use of natural resources, the Czech Republic began to introduce the concept of sustainable development at the end of the 20th century, and then formulated the country’s sustainable development strategy. Through exploration and research in practice, it has the courage to increase the transparency of decision-making and it increases the intensity of public participation in public affairs. It has also increased the important role of non-profit and non-governmental organizations in decision-making, reduced the conflict between the use of natural resources and environmental protection, and contributed to the development of local communities.

At the end of the 20th century, the Czech Republic began to introduce ideas of strategy for sustainable development. From 1997 to 1998, some non-profit, non-governmental organizations and local governments in the country accepted the EU’s environmental and the Five-year Action Plan for Sustainable Development for the 21st century, linking economic and social development with environmental protection issues. At the same time, the Ministry of Environment of the Czech Republic has also begun to strongly support the implementation of this 21st century plan. At present, this plan has become an important part of the environmental policy of the Czech Republic.

When the Czech government announced the 2002-2006 development policy, it puts sustainable development and environmental protection in the first place, emphasizes the importance of public participation in solving public problems, and encourages public participation in innovation. At the national level, the Czech Republic has adopted measures such as referendums, local residents’ voting, implementation of the anti-corruption system, and listening to public opinions on economic legislative measures and subsidy systems to ensure public participation.

Our project research on sustainable management measures of natural resources in rural areas of the Czech Republic is a concrete manifestation of the concept of sustainable development and provides valuable experience for global sustainable development concepts and models.